Genetic Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes in the Moroccan Population: A Systematic Review of Key Genes and Polymorphisms

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health concern and a significant contributor to both morbidity and mortality in the Moroccan population. The increasing prevalence of T2D in Morocco, driven by lifestyle changes, urbanization, and genetic factors, highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the genetic components that contribute to the disease. Identifying the specific genes involved in T2D can play a crucial role in advancing personalized medicine, allowing for the development of more targeted and effective treatments. This could ultimately lead to better disease management and improved quality of life for individuals affected by T2DM in Morocco.

To explore the genetic factors underlying T2D in the Moroccan population, we conducted a comprehensive literature review, searching PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases. Our goal was to identify studies investigating the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and T2D in Moroccan individuals. Through this search, we identified 16 relevant studies, encompassing a total of 9,654 participants (5,233 cases and 4,421 controls). These studies reported on 31 polymorphisms across 29 different genes, shedding light on the genetic landscape of T2D in this population.

This systematic review offers a valuable synthesis of the available genetic data and highlights the polymorphisms associated with T2D in Moroccan individuals. The findings of this review provide a foundation for further genetic research and may inform future efforts to develop tailored therapeutic strategies aimed at improving the health outcomes of T2D patients in Morocco.